Drug '500 times more dangerous than heroin' rising in UK underground market
Researchers have warned that the 'inevitable consequence is that preventable deaths will continue' if action isn't taken
Experts have warned that the impact of the growing synthetic opioid crisis in the UK is being 'significantly underestimated'.
The popularity of these dangerous man-made drugs, known as nitazenes, has been steadily rising over the last several years despite them posing a high risk of overdose, hospitalisation and death.
According to new research published by King’s College London, these 'can have potencies of up to 500 times that of heroin' - but more and more people are consuming them.
In 2024, the UK government announced that 15 synthetic opioids, including 14 nitazenes, were upgraded to Class A.
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In a bid to pump the brakes on the growing problem, Downing Street said at the time that the law would also be 'future proofed by introducing a generic definition of nitazenes to capture any new drugs that emerge in future'.
As these drugs can be readily made at a low cost, they are often mixed in with other substances in a bid to bulk them out on the cheap - and that's why they have been nicknamed 'Frankenstein drugs'.
But consuming nitazenes is playing with fire, as Talk To Frank explains that they 'can be much stronger' than natural opioids and therefore come 'with a higher risk of overdose'.
Users are running the risk of a range of scary and possibly deadly side effects, including suppression of normal breathing and respiratory arrest, 'which is often fatal'.
Other possible impacts include loss of consciousness and coma, dizziness or fainting, withdrawal symptoms including nausea and retching, itching, lethargy and constipation.
Nitazenes were initially produced as painkillers, but as King's College London notes, their 'development was halted due to extreme potencies'.
In a paper published last month in Clinical Toxicology, boffins at the university warned that the true number of fatalities related to the drugs have likely been 'underreported' in UK.
Experts say this is likely due to the difficulty in detecting traces of them in postmortem toxicology tests, as blood samples 'typically take around a month' to get analysed.
In 2024, the National Crime Agency (NCA) reported 333 deaths that were linked to nitazenes, but the researchers at King's College London reckon that the real number is significantly larger.
Dr Caroline Copeland, a senior lecturer in Pharmacology & Toxicology at the university, said: "If nitazenes are degrading in post-mortem blood samples, then we are almost certainly undercounting the true number of deaths that they are causing. That means we’re trying to tackle a crisis using incomplete data.
"When we don’t measure a problem properly, we don’t design the right interventions - and the inevitable consequence is that preventable deaths will continue."
She explained that it is 'critical' that the UK gets a better understanding of how these drugs degrade in post-mortem blood samples so that officials can 'respond more effectively'.
"Better science leads to better surveillance, and better surveillance will save lives," Dr Copeland added. "This research shows that the harm caused by nitazenes is likely being significantly underestimated.
"Because these drugs degrade in post-mortem blood, we may be missing up to a third of the deaths they are involved in, meaning public health responses are being designed and funded for only two-thirds of the real problem.
"Behind this undercount are people dying suddenly from extremely potent opioids, families left without answers, and communities facing a growing but largely hidden toll."
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Olivia Burke